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Oral Diagnosis and Radiology In Turkey

The word “diagnosis” coming from the Greek means the identification of the diseases through objective and subjective symptoms caused by the diseases.

Oral Diagnosis, on the other hand, is the diagnosis process following the evaluation of the dental x-ray images of the patient and his/her detailed oral examination. At this stage, the first goal is to identify the source of the patient's primary complaint.

In addition, the current condition of the patient should be evaluated as a whole, and thus, not only the existing problem areas but also the areas likely to cause problems in the future should be identified. In this way, early diagnosis of the problems as well as the protective and preventive treatments to be given will prevent greater problems in the future, and as a result, they will make the treatment both simpler and more economical.

- Panoramic Radiographs

Panoramic radiography is an extra-oral imaging technique that makes it possible to examine all the existing teeth in the mouth including the impacted ones, the bone tissue surrounding the teeth, the entire jawbone, physiological and pathological cavities in the oral shadow, and the joints, in the same image and at a time. It is used especially in oral examinations intended for general control, and in simple surgical procedures such as extraction of impacted teeth, resection, removal of small cysts, or operations involving a small number of implants.

Scanning all the teeth at a time ensures the patient to be exposed to less radiation compared to serial periapical imaging techniques, and also enables the physician to make a general evaluation.

- Digital Radiographs (RVG)

The negative radiology techniques used in the past had many disadvantages, such as the loss of time during the bath phase, the chemicals contained in the bath solution used, and the damage to the environment by the lead contained in the X-ray films. In addition, films could easily be damaged in this technique.

In this way, x-ray images can be seen instantly on the computer screen; and at the same time, desired color settings and size enlargement-reduction processes on the image as well as measurements can be performed. In this technique, the radiation rate that the patient is exposed to could be significantly reduced. It is also an important advantage that the images can be stored in the patient’s file in a computer environment or can be shared on the Internet when necessary.

- Computed Tomography (CT)

It is a three-dimensional tomographic imaging technique used in cases where traditional intra-oral and extra-oral imaging techniques remain inadequate, such as removal of large cysts and tumors, and in cases where a great number of implants are planned to be placed. In this method, unlike other two-dimensional techniques, cross-sections can be made in the mouth area and thus the neighborhoods of the teeth or pathological formations with surrounding tissues can be examined in all 3 planes.

Especially in cases where a large number of implants are planned to be applied, the thickness of the bone in the horizontal direction, the positions of the sinus cavities, and the path followed by the vessels and nerves can be identified precisely.

Another advantage of this method is that it allows for the preparation of working models or guide plaques of the desired regions before the surgical procedure, by being used in conjunction with the rapid prototyping method. In this way, the risk of surgical procedures is minimized.

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